The Golem
This character originates in Jewish Mysticism, and was the basis of a book by Gustav Meyrink, Der Golem, published in 1925 or so and appeared in a film by the same name starring and produce by Paul Wegener. In the story, a Rabbi brought the Creature to life only when there was a clear need, to defend the Prague Jewish community from expulsion. A version of this character has appeared in both Marvel and DC comics.
Marvel
In this
version: In centuries agone, they called the Golem a
Myth, a creature formed of stone and clay and from the
blood of a peoples' oppression,- a moving monolith who
rose before the yoke of tyranny-shattered in his monumental
fists- then vanished into the sands of time-there
to be almost forgotten-until today!
Now, once more, the Golem rises-summoned from his
eons-long sleep to protect those he loves. Now, for
the fist time in untold decades.......THE GOLEM WALKS!
Golems have also come up against Moon Knight and the Hulk.
In a tale scripted by Len Wein (co-creator of DC's Swamp-Thing) one Professor Adamson found what others said was just a statue, but he believed it to be the Golem. With his dying breath he read from ancient scrolls he possessed in a frantic attempt to revive the Golem to help his friends, and when his tears fell on the Golem's foot this brought it to life. (Strange Tales #174)
DC
At the competition a golem has shown up in some Batman comics, Swamp-Thing, and also in Ragman. In that appearance the Golem went on a rampage and Ragman must destroy it.
Other publishers
The figure of a Golem features in James Sturm's story The Golem's Mighty Swing, published by Drawn and Quarterly in which a member of a depression era Jewish baseball team is talked into dressing up a Golem as a publicity gimmick to tie-in with the film's popularity. It also plays a role in The Amazing Adventures of Kavalier & Clay. Dark Horses' Breath of Bones present s "proper" Golem.